A template for open science article submissions to the Insight Journal using MyST Markdown

Insight Journal MyST Template

We conducted a genome-wide association study on income among individuals of European descent (N=668,288) to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic status and health disparities. We identified 162 genomic loci associated with a common genetic factor underlying various income measures, all with small effect sizes. Our polygenic index captures 1-5% of income variance, with only one-fourth due to direct genetic effects. A phenome-wide association study using this index showed reduced risks for diseases including hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes, depression, asthma, and back pain. The income factor had a substantial genetic correlation (0.92, s.e.=0.006) with educational attainment (EA). Accounting for EA's genetic overlap with income revealed that the remaining genetic signal was linked to better mental health but reduced physical health and increased risky behaviours such as drinking and smoking. These findings highlight the complex genetic influences on income and health.

Associations between common genetic variants and income provide insights about the socioeconomic health gradient

"Function calls as citations" refers to the ability to compose a novel research object by re-using an existing component, such as code or data, from a prior research object stored in an immutable and verifiable way. This idea originates from Balaji Srinivasan, who recently issued it as a challenge to builders in the DeSci space. In this preliminary report, we answer this challenge with a proof of concept. We created two Research Objects stored on an Open State Repository, each containing code components. A new Research Object calls functions from the code components of another Research Object. Both Research Objects are stored on an Open State Repository, and interoperate using decentralized persistent identifiers.

Function Calls as Citations baremetal

ApplicativeDo tries to remove the monad binds where possible when desugaring Haskells' do-notation. It does this by looking at inter-statement dependencies and connecting them with applicative operations when possible; this introduces implicit parallelism in the code. Deciding which structure to generate is tricky, since many different are usually possible. Currently, this is solved with simple minimum cost analysis with an unit cost model, assuming each statement takes the same amount of time to evaluate. By extending the cost model inside the ApplicativeDo algorithm for variable evaluation costs, we perform smarter generation of code by prioritising parallelisation of heavy statements.

At Facebook, Marlow et al. developed Haxl, a data-fetching library that can use applicative structure in expressions for free parallelism. To our knowledge, it is the only library that can do automatic parallelism on applicative expressions. We observe significant wall-clock speedups in many cases when running benchmarks with Haxl, compared to the original ApplicativeDo-desugared programs, given relative costs of statements.

The ApplicativeDo extension is agnostic to the source of costs, but one way of providing them is investigated as optional weight annotations on do-statements. This works well when the relative costs are known, but this kind of run-time estimation is notoriously difficult, particularly in Haskell. We suggest different directions for future work relating to sources of costs.

Better Implicit Parallelism Improving ApplicativeDo Heuristics Through Weight Annotations MSc thesis in Computer Science: Algorithms, Language and Logic

2. Better Implicit Parallelism Improving ApplicativeDo Heuristics Through Weight Annotations MSc thesis in Computer Science: Algorithms, Language and LogicBetter Implicit Parallelism Improving ApplicativeDo Heuristics Through Weight Annotations MSc thesis in Computer Science: Algorithms, Language and Logic